i don't know if this is meant to say backwards horizontal integration but i know what backwards vertical integration is whether its the same thing or not.
Backwards vertical integration is where one business further forward in the chain of production buys another firm further back in the chain ie Tertiary takes over primary eg retailer takes over supplier.
Horizontal integration is the merging or takeover of a company that is in the same market and at the same stage of the supply chain.
horizontal integration
consolidates many firms involved in the same business into on giant company
combines different businesses involved in all phases of a product’s development
horizontal integration
Vertical - Expansion of a business by buying out suppliers of commodities (required to create your product)Horizontal - Expansion of a business by buying out competition (who create a similar product)
Integrative growthA growth strategy in which a company increases its sales and profits through backward, forward, or horizontal integration within its industry. A company may acquire one or more of its suppliers to gain more control or generate more profits (backward integration). It might acquire some wholesalers or retailers, especially if they are highly profitable (forward integration). Or finally, it might acquire one or more competitors through acquisition (horizontal integration).
backward integration is a form of vertical integration in which firm's control of its inputs or supplies. forward integration is a form of vertical integration in which firm's control of its distribution.
A monopoly employing horizontal integration means what?
vertical
Horizontal integration is the merging or takeover of a company that is in the same market and at the same stage of the supply chain.
horizontal integration
I think it is your mama
Vertical Integration is owning a section of a business and horizontal integration is owning all businesses in a certain field.
Vertical integration and horizontal integration :D
cartels, monopolies, trust, and horizontal and vertical integration all share the goal of
Backward integration is vertical integration that combines a core business with its suppliers. The advantages of backward integration may include assurance of the pricing, quality and availability of supplies, and efficiencies gained from coordinating production of supplies with their consumption. There are other means to these ends: for example, derivatives can hedge changes in the price of supplies, while working closely with suppliers can deliver the other gains.