I believe budding is the term used to describe where the limbs begin to develop. As a tadpole grows they grow buds then legs, and eventually the tail will be gone.
Yes, because a frog lives both on land, and in water. So they are the same thing, but a "land frog" is probably just a frog that you catch roaming the land.
Well you can' t see that from the outside. Scientists used to think (many decades ago) frogs with a warty skin lived on land, and frogs with smooth skin lived in the water. Nowadays it is known this...