The designation of the 4 Ps was originally done by Mel Rhodes in a 1961 Phi Delta Kappan article entitled, An Analysis of Creativity. He wrote, "The word creativity is a noun naming the phenomenon in which a person communicates a new concept (which is the product). Mental activity (or mental process) is implicit in the definition, and of course, no one could conceive of someone living and working in a vacuum, so the word press is also implicit" (p. 305).
See the book by Tudor Rickards, called "Creativity and the management of Change" (1999). He describes how, in the 1950, a young educational researcher called Mel Rhodes set out to find a definition of creativity. He found lots of them, often focusing on different aspects of creativity. The 4-P model was his was of bringing some conceptual clarity to the messy subject of creativity.
The Ps:
Person: what attributes of your people may help or hinder idea generatoin and/or implementation.
Process: what tools, techniques and/or methods do you use for working together to optimise your creative and critical thinking?
Product: what do you want to do better? Be creative around product, service, processes, other? The clearer the need the better the focus.
Press: what is the team, departmental, divisional, organisational climate that 'presses' upon people and their work, helping and hindering idea flow?
On this last point, see work by Goran Ekvall for pioneering research into the dimensions of Press or Climate: http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst?docId=90770350
An entrepreneurial "secret" for creating value in the marketplace is applying creativity.
CUSTOMER, CONSISTENCY, CREATIVITY, CULTURE, COMMUNICATION and CHANGE The 6 C's of marketing - Customer - Consistency - Creativity - Culture - Communication and Change.
Record and Commemorate
creativity
Creative manufactures make innovations and therefore are more competitive on the market. Creativity helps lower production costs - and also be more competitive. Creativity helps making more attractive products.
the 4 P's of creativity as developed by Mel Rhodes are the creative person, process, Press (environment), and product.
The role of creativity in scientific discovery is best illustrated by Watson and cricks ball and stick model of DNA.
The best model of creativity is ALWAYS by definition both unknown and not supported because as soon as one scholar tries for the single right-iest model, other scholars find flaws in it and attempt to surpass it---easily doing so. So no one best model of creativity will ever exist. Take the viewpoint of a CEO being approached by various consultants-scholars for creativity consults---each purports to have the BEST single model or the RIGHT-EST model yet each is very obviously limited, biased, and different than the others. To the CEO it is obvious that he/she would best serve his/her own firm by surveying the broad array of all models out there and building a repertoire of the best of them, to pick and choose from, to fuse and combine, to assess the presence and omission of, the helps to and hindrances to, in parts of his/her firm.SO the BEST model of creativity is--------a repertoire of plural diverse balanced models that compensate for the limitations of each other. Recent work on such repertoires includes a 117 page article A Model of 42 Models of Creativity, a book comprehensively presenting 60 model of creativity in great detail Are You Creative? 60 Models, and a recent encyclopedia article Multiple Models of Creativity presenting 18 Creativity & Novelty Sciences and their inter-relations, plus 120 models of creativity and 54 models of innovation.Note robust applications of top models of creativity (right-iest ones) by very competent private sector organizations like Procter & Gamble, have published modest not to say embarrassingly slight results--the increments in creativity achieved are negligible. Single right-y models even from Harvard's best, do not have actual power to improve creativity of serious amounts and sorts, if we are to believe results published. One study at Harvard after years and millions spent published copying a Japanese hit product 8 years after it was a hit in Japan as their creative outcome from changing 42+ environment variables in more "creativity-fostering" directions. Some have said these academic projects fail due to confusing creative-feeling forms of work with creation-producing forms of work. Edison worked in a lousy environment hostile to creativity in most ways yet out-invented nearly everyone for a century or more---testing light bulb material 8,114, testing light bulb material 8,115, testing light bulb material 8,116---THAT process neither feels nor looks creative BUT it IS creativity at work. Creation does not look or feel creative in most instances.
Google.com
creativity = creatividad
Her creativity knows no bounds. The artwork won a prize for the most creativity.
Inspiration and creativity can be closely related in that creativity can inspire people.
Example of creativity in the journal
Creativity is a noun.
" A Thread of Creativity"
Mark A. Runco has written: 'Creativity, Art, and Artists' 'Problem Finding, Problem Solving, and Creativity' 'The Creativity Research Handbook (Perspectives on Creativity)'
Yes, creativity can lead to euphoria