When you have a huge job to be done, just like a big commercial organization has, it becomes difficult to manage each and everything by your own because you have to keep records of so many things....
to simplify your job i.e. to make administration even more easier, work is divided into different units where each unit does a particular job and it also has a particular head to look after it if the work is done properly or not.
So from this we can make out that the process of grouping different jobs into different units is called departmentation.
To organize into departments.
Viper1
it is basically the act of focusing on the production of different products by an organisation
a functional organisation is departmentalized on basis of different functions that are carried in running the organisation e.g. Sales, Marketing, Finance, Customer Assistance, A product organisation is departmentalized on basis of different product it produces e.g. an organisation like unilever can have a toothpaste department, Washing Powder Department etc. Same goes with the Brand departmentalization like Vaseline and Ponds. Some functional departmentalization is usually retained in Product/Brand Departmentalization such as central manufacturing department, Customer Assistance department etc.
Departmentalization Process of forming employees into groups to accomplish specific organizational goals. Departments can be organized according to functions workers perform, as in accounting and human resource departments; by products, as in a department store organized by retail product categories; by type of customer, as in men's wear or women's wear; or by geographic divisions. Above retrieved from Answers.com Viper1
Tension occurs:When forces for coordination are stronger than the forces for departmentalisation, functional departmentalisation tend to work best.When forces for coordination and departmentalisation are equal, a customer form of departmentalisation works best.When forces for departmentalisation are stronger than forces for coordination, place or product departmentalisation is best
Advantages : 1. Specialization. Like a mass production chain each doing only certain job all the time until they are really experts in what they do. 2. Excellent communication because they have a very specific requirement and output. Automation will come nautrally to this scheme. 3. Efficient. Disadvantages : 1. Defenseless against changes. 2. Almost impossible to have a vision because everybody's deep into each own "mission". 3. Recruitment becomes a problem because the requirement too specific.
denine overhead departmentalization
How has departmentalization been established at Nestle?
Departmentalization refers to dividing a given organization into different departments so as to perform specific tasks according to their specialization. Examples of departmentalization in an organization includes geographical, product and functional.
specialization
functional
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With departmentalization, managers can isolate problems within the organization quicker. One disadvantage is the fact that departmentalization discourages cooperation among departments.
what are advantages & disadvantages of departmentalization by function
Departmentalization is the division of the work load by allocating tasks to specific departments. This means that a department that manufactures a product has nothing to do with ordering the material to make the product.
The advantage of product departmentalization is that everything related is one area. It makes the workplace run better because everything needed is in one area.
Functional Departmentalization- Putting jobs that do similar activities together into asingle department Functional departmentalization - Grouping activities by functions performed. Activities can be grouped according to function (work being done) to pursue economies of scale by placing employees with shared skills and knowledge into departments for example human resources, IT, accounting, manufacturing, logistics, marketing, and engineering. Functional departmentalization can be used in all types of organizations.
advantages and disadvantages of associated with each departmentation