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There are three commercial methods of spinning yarn into the product we see at the store. They are called Ring Spun, Rotor Spun, and Friction Spun. Each method produces different results in the yarn.

The full question, ring spun carded and combed, refers to the fiber preparation method of carding (brushing) and combing the fibers prior to spinning, in order to form a softer yarn which is best for soft knit items. The fibers are spun in a ring arrangement making it unnecessary for extra plies, so the yarn is much finer.

There is also a downside to using ring spun, because the very process that causes it to be softer also causes the yarn to be more prone to breaking.

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Q: What is ring spun carded and combed yarn and what are their uses?
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Difference between carded and combed yarn process?

If the yarn is spun in the direction of the fibers a smoother yarn is produced than if the yarn is spun perpendicular to the fibers. Carding removes tangles in wool fibers but does not fully align the fibers so they are all going in exactly the same direction. Most may be going in one direction but there will always be some going off in their own direction. If the carded fiber is spun with most of the fibers going in the direction of spinning (ie toward the spinning wheel), it will produce a more compact, smoother yarn. If it is spun with most of the fibers perpendicular to the direction of spin, it will produce a fluffier, airier yarn. However, because there is always some haphazard arrangement of fibers that have been carded, carded wool will always produce fluffier yarn than combed wool. Fluffy or airy yarn is generally best suited for knitting. Combing is much more labor intensive. Fine toothed combs are used to straighten and align each individual fiber parallel to the direction of spinning AS the fiber is being spun. Unlike carding, combing cannot be done ahead of time. This produces a very smooth, very compactly spun yarn which is best suited for weaving. When cotton or another fabric is "combed," the shortest, additional fibers of a batch are removed. The result produces high-quality, extra soft yarns with excellent strength and softness. Combed cotton uses finer fiber than carded yarns and is more regular and expensive than carded yarn.


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