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What is slow acetylation?

Updated: 9/17/2019
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12y ago

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A slow acetylator is a person who has an recessive single gene trait which effects the N acetylate transferase enzyme in the liver. This gene causes the enzyme to work slowly in the metabolism of certain drugs. Because of this slow pace situation the slow acetylator person will receive more of the given drug in his general circulation than a fast acetylator who is metabolizing the drug and sending it out of his body via the kidneys and urine at a quicker rate and thus leaving a smaller amount in the general circulation,i.e., bloodstream. The fast acetylator is in the optimum situation. (It is better to be fast than slow in drug metabolism.)

What to do?

There is now a simple test that can by pass genetic testing for the acetylator gene. It involve some sips of coffee and a tracing of the coffee's metabolic residue in the urine and the amounts and rate thereof. Or one can just have the DNA tested. Or in the more time honored fashion the doctor can simply adjust the drug dosages until the tolerable level of side effect if any is reached.

Slow acetylation does not mean drug allergy per se and does not rule out the taking of prescribed drugs.

It effects up to 50% of the population in certain groups, Canada and Germany for example and as low as 10% among some American Indians.

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Q: What is slow acetylation?
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What is acetylation and which chemicals are commonly involved?

Acetylation describes the process of an introduction of an acetyl functional group into chemical compounds. Chemicals that are commonly involved are succinic acid.


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Histones are proteins that organize DNA in the chromatin of eukaryotes (cells that have membrane enclosed nuclei). Acetylation means the introduction of acetyl group to a molecule. In essence, Histone Acetylation removes the positive charge on the histones which, in turn, causes a decrease in the interaction with negatively charged phosphates in DNA.


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Epigenetic Phenomena.


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Both euchromatin and histone acetylation.


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Acylation is a reaction in which an acyl group becomes attached to some structural unit in a molecule. Examples include the Friefel-Crafts acylation adn the conversio of amines to amides.


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What is the product formed by the acetylation of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride and NaOH?

acetaminophen (n-acetate of 4-aminophenol)


Why Acetic acid not used in acetylation?

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How do DNA methylation and histone acetylation affect chromatin structure and the regulation of transcription?

When chromatin is tightly compacted and dense, it's called Heterochromatin. When chromatin is loosely packed, its called Euchromatin. Euchromatin is easily accessible to transcription enzymes, while herterochromatin makes transcription impossible because the enzymes cannot access the DNA. Therefore, a gene within heterochromatin cannot be expressed. Also, look up how histone modifications such as histone acetylation affect gene expression.


What has the author Yu-Chung Tsang written?

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