There are different definitions, depending on the country (jurisdiction) and the context. However, the following is usually true:
Civil Law is law governing interaction between people. This is...
Justice is the concept that imagines a situation in which everyone gets what they deserve, whether they like it or not. Law is the concept that certain behaviors can be forbidden or compelled by one...
A rule is something that must be abided by some people. A law has to be abided by every person in that country (appart from the Monarch in many countries, such as the United Kingdom)
Especially in common law systems like the United States, the term "law" is much broader than "code." "Code" only refers to statutes passed by the legislature and promulgated in an official code...