It is the wire that supplies the initial field current to the alternator from the battey. Once the alternator is rotating the field current will be provided by the diodes from the current produced by the alternator. excitor wire is usually wired through the charging indicator light.
Im not sure if your talking Alternator output wire fuseable link or regulator exciter wire, i would assume your talking the exciter wire, it may have a short and is grounding out on the engine or frame somewhere
alternator
Not much to it, get the one wire alternator, and brackets from a 302 and mount it up, belts will be the same as the 302, wire goes to the battery. # wire is a bit different, red lug goes to battery, botton 2 wire plug should be exciter and is ignition power and a ground.
There are three exciter diodes on all alternators. They are connected to the stator windings. The purpose of the diodes is twofold. While the engine is running, it turns off the alternator indicator light and supplies power to the voltage regulator.
check for a fuse in the charging system check if your alternator "exciter" wire voltage is good (this should be the positive wire INSIDE the pigtail plug ) if those check out fine you will need to check each wiring system in the vehicle for a "dead" short (positive wire touching the ground) remember on a vehicle the entire metal body of the vehicle is ground
I would connect the L lead to the dash light for alternator fault and from there to the ignition switch and the S lead directly to the alternator output connection. If there is no light, use a 35-300 Ohm resistor between the L lead and the ignition switch.
run it and then disconnect the negative wire from the battery if alternator dies its bad.
If you have a new alternator its as simple as run the one wire to the solenoid. If you are converting the alternator to a one wire, you will need an external regulator. If you have a new alternator its as simple as run the one wire to the solenoid. If you are converting the alternator to a one wire, you will need an external regulator.
a bad ground wire can ruin an alternator by not completing the circuit
2 wire has a live wire to energise the field where as the single wire alternator self energises and does not need the powered feed.
This wire allows the alternator to keep the battery charged.
It depends on where the wire is being connected on the alternator. It could be the alternator or it could be a damaged wire or connector. It's something that you will need to track down.