What is the basic part of the computer and its function?

Answer 1

Hardware is physical part of a computer and software is piece of code that runs the computer. For instance, violin is hardware and music is the software.

New modern computers used small electronic components, which can be imprinted on the surface of silicon chip.

The most generally used electronic component is transistor.

Transistor work as a like a amplifying valve for a flow of electrons.

The transistor is a solid-state device, which has no moving parts. Basically, it is a building block for constructing more complex electronic components.

Vacuum tube was used before the invention of transistor.

Since than transistor have been made smaller and smaller and making more and more of them to be imprinted on silicon chips.

Central processing units is referred to as a

“brain” of computers.

It is hardware with in a computer and carries out the instruction of computer program.

CPU runs the code and manipulates the data, while components have quite more passive roles.

For instance storing data.

In older days, CPU requires one or more printed circuit board.

After the invention of microprocessor, CPU could be remained with in silicon chips.

There are two main components of CPU, arithmetic logic unit which performs the arithmetical and logical side and control unit which carry the instruction from memory, decodes and process them.

Random Access memory is temporary storage device.

Random access memory let any data to store and access quickly in random order while in other storage device such as Hard disk, CDs, and DVDs etc. read and write the data only in predetermined order. It is because of mechanical design limitation.

The main features of RAM are that it can keep its state as long as power is on.

Hard drive is a long-term storage for bytes as files and folders.

The hard disk drive read the write the magnetic patterns magnetic patterns on a spinning metal disk to store data.

Flash drive is also a solid-state drive with silicon chips to store bytes.

In both case, hard disk drive or flash drive maintain its state of storage even when the power is turn off.

Answer 2

The O.S. or the operating system controls the hardware of a computer.If there is no O.S. installed,the computer won't work. If you want to know the examples of Operating Systems,they are: Windows 95,Windows 98,Windows 2000,Novell Netware,UNIX,MacOS(for Apple Mac computers)etc.

Answer 3

CPU stands for central processing unit. Overall a personal computer can be divided into the following major parts from point of view of functions performed:

1. Input devices (keyboard, mouse)

2. Output devices (monitor which displays the output or results of work being done on the computer)

3. CPU (central processing unit, which is the brain of the computer which does all the processing and calculations on data inputs and provides output on screen or printer)

4. Storage devices (memories, hard disk which store data).

Many times in common language the CPU term is used for the computer box unit which contains motherboard, processor, hard disk, CD/DVD and floppy drives. This is the box to which we connect monitor, keyboard, mouse and printer through cables. In technical terms the term CPU is used only for the processor, which fits on the motherboard.

Answer 4

The CPU must:

1. fetch instructions from memory
2. decode instructions
3. read/write data from/to memory
4. control the various other parts of the computer (e.g. I/O) as specified by those instructions
5. perform arithmetic and logic operations as specified by arithmetic/logic instructions
6. change control flow as specified by branch instructions

The CPU can also (if its architecture requires these):

1. provide internal registers/accumulators for storage of operands and results of arithmetic/logic instructions
2. manage stack data structures (e.g. subroutine stack, operand/result stack for storage of operands and results of arithmetic/logic instructions) in memory
3. manage queue data structures (e.g. for protected intertask messaging) in memory
4. service external interrupts
5. service internal exceptions
6. perform memory management operations (e.g. page mapping, memory protection, virtual memory support)
7. provide user, operating system, etc. mode switching protections (e.g. OS calls, task switching)
8. flush and refill its pipelines as necessary (if the CPU implementation uses pipelines)
9. etc.

Answer 5

A computer hardware works through digital signals like 0 and 1,program instructions like software program executed by central processor and it converts this in to machine code

Answer 6

The part of the computer that does most of the work is the CPU. Central Processor Unit or Processor. This is the main part of the computer and it is mounted on the motherboard.