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The cellular telephone network is one of the most complex machines ever invented. Cells refer to a 'honeycomb ' of transmitters and receivers who can identify all the phones switched on in their area and log these into a global database of their locations. A fibre optic cable network and switching grid enable any phone in the world,using the GSM standard, to communicate. A phone 'pings' the base station to let it know where it is and when a call is made the nearest transmitter sends dial tone to the phone, logs it's number,signal strength and SIM details. The destination phone is then located by it's 'ping' and the call is routed via optical fibres and emerges at the nearest base station to the called phone. If the phone being called is in a moving car or train the call is set up and the signal strength is monitored by 2 stations or cells. When the signal becomes too weak for the active base station to carry the call it hands the call over to the next cell and so on up the highway or track side transceiver. This is just an overview., in reality it is much more complicated than this!

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Q: What is the concept with a cellular phone?
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