Notes payable are written agreements between a lender and a borrower - essentially a loan. Bonds payable also are, in essence, a loan. However, bonds are issued as many "coupons," thus broadening the potential investor (lender) pool. If a business needs, for example, $500,000 to fund an enterprise, it can generally obtain a loan in the form of a note payable. If a business needs $10,000,000 to fund an enterprise, it may more easily raise capital through issuing, say, 1,000 coupon bonds at $10,000 face value each instead of asking for a $10 million loan. Both notes and bonds may be traded on the financial markets, thus they are treated quite similarly for accounting purposes.
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Bill or notes payable both are same things with different names and can be used interchangably to refer to one same thing.
The difference between trades payable and notes payable is based on the relationship with the business to which money is owed to. Trades payable is typically with a business' supplier while notes payable is usually with a bank. Their treatment in the cashflow statements also differs. With trades payable, the transaction is reported in the CFO (Cash flow from Operations) while notes payable under US GAAP is reported under CFF (Cash flow from financing).
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A note payable is a tangible note between you and another company that you will pay them back for a good or service they sold you. An account Payable is an allocation base for all of your notes payable. so for example i could have a note payable to company A for $100, Company B for $500, and Company C for $300, and my accounts payable would be $900
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