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Leaves are the main place where the process of photosynthesis takes place.

The cells in the leaf contain chloroplasts; these contain chlorophyll which converts carbon dioxide and water to simple glucose sugars in the presence of sunlight.

This food is used (and stored) by the plant to grow and reproduce. As plants are able to produce "food" they are normally referred to as "producers".

Other functions of leaves are:

  • To increase the photosynthetic surface area of the plant to maximize the production of food.
  • To provide a large surface area for gaseous exchange (through the stomata).
  • To assist in the collection of water for the plant; some leaves are funnel-shaped in order to actively collect water which is then directed to the roots. Leaves also form a canopy of the tree collecting rainwater from a larger area which is then led (through run-off) to the root zone of the plant.
  • The leaves provide shade and shelter to the stem and root system below.

In some "carnivorous" plants (generally insectivorous), the leaves have evolved to capture animals and digest them for their minerals. This provides, or supplements, the nutrients that are generally lacking in the soil.

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Q: What is the function of a plant leaf?
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