Using an online distance calculator, the longest I can find are essentially tied: Madrid, Spain to Wellington, New Zealand, is a crow-flies distance of 12,388 miles.
Taipei, Taiwan to Asunción, Paraguay is a just barely longer 12,390 miles. However, you could probably shift the GPS coordinates within the city limits of any of those locations and make the distances match exactly. The circumference of the Earth around the eqautor is 24,902 miles, and around the poles 24,860 miles. Doubling the above distances yields 24,776 and 24,780 miles respectively, both just off the maxiumum theoretical limit. The pairs of cities are on almost exactly opposite points around the Earth. Other close contenders:
Jakarta<--->Bogota: 12,311
Quito<--->Singapore: 12,269
The question doesn't make sense. Every country has only 1 Capital City.
Vatican City is located within the city limits of Rome, Italy. That would put the distance at 0 miles.
Reykjavik, capital of iceland is said to be furthest north.
The farthest country from Pennsylvania would be the west coast of Australia. The distance from Australia to the United States is 9,429 miles.
Furthest North on the British mainland is Dunnet Head between Thurso and John O' Groats
Stockholm is the capital city of Sweden, the country located between Norway and Finland.
The furthest point on Earth from an ocean is located in north central China, in the area of china between Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Furthest country in the world from any sea or ocean is Kyrgyzstan.
There is no country between Norway and Finland.
This country is Moldova.
Well Norway is the northernmost country and Oslo is it's capital in Scandinavia
If you count Iceland as a part of Europe, it is furthest west. Otherwise, the furthest west European country is Ireland. The furthest west country in mainland Europe is Portugal.
Singapore
Brazil
Malaysia