1. To create next generation. Unique property of a particular organism is transferred from one
generation to the next generation through genes, which are situated in the DNA
(Deoxyribonucleic Acid).
2. During Meiosis number of chromosomes become half of that in the parent cells. As a result
when both male and female gametes fuse to form zygote, the number of chromosomes
becomes adequate for the species involved.
3. Every animal cell has fixed number of chromosomes. Human cell contain 23 pairs or 46
chromosomes. After meiosis egg and sperm cells contain 23 chromosomes. After zygote
formation the number of chromosomes is once again 23 pairs. This is necessary to
maintain the unique identity of a species.
4. To create variations in species. As no two individuals are same, so genetic characters from
both parents will help make a slightly different copy of themselves. These small variations
accumulate over hundreds of years resulting in formation of new species.
5. New species facilitate evolution of organisms. Evolution is necessary for survival as
environmental conditions keep on changing from time to time. As per Darwin nature has a
method of selecting the best fit species for survival