What is the list the foods Jewish people can eat?

The answer is... Kosher food.

Mammals must have split hooves and 'chew their cud'. Yes for cow and goat - no for pig and horse. The animal must have a certain diet, must be ritually slaughtered, the insides checked for illnesses, and the meat must be soaked and salted to remove the blood.

Fish must have scales and fins. Yes for mackeral and salmon - no for octopus and shrimp. Fish do not have to be ritually slaughtered, and fish blood does not have to be drained because it is not considered significant.

For birds, it's basically poultry, though other birds can be kosher too, mostly non-predators. The birds must have a certain diet, must be ritually slaughtered, the insides checked for illnesses, and the meat must be soaked and salted to remove the blood. Birds must also have a societal tradition as a food animal. Some Jews in Italy do not believe turkeys meet this requirement, though they are in the extreme minority. (Turkey is a very widely eaten food in Israel).

For Insects, there are 50 species of kosher locusts, but the actual translation of these species names is lost, so most Jews do not eat any insects.

Dairy and meat can not be eaten together. If you have dairy first, most Jews wait 1/2 hour before eating meat. If having meat first, most wait 6 hours before eating dairy, but this varies depending on where your family is from based on regional custom.

Fish and Vegetables cannot be cooked in the same pot, but may be eaten together.

All fruit and veggies are kosher, BUT because the bible is strict about not eating insects, all f&v must be washed very well. If certain f&v are known to be infested, they should be avoided. Some hard to wash f&v include broccoli and strawberries.

Orthodox and Traditional-but-non-Orthodox standards vary slightly.