I am not a food historian, but I have been studying the food and culture of the Texas and the American Southwest and Mexican north. I ask everyone to remember that culture and food have moved freely around this for generations.
I believe that "Tortilla Soup" is a fairly recent incarnation. We have a tradition of topping soups. Some spicy soups are topped with diced raw onion, diced jalepeno, cilantro and lemon juice. Beef and vegtable soup is topped with spanish rice and fresh chili sauce. Homemade Mexican style chicken soup is top with fried tortilla strips, avocado chunks, lime juice and chili salsa.
I believe it was this last combination that was made both at home or enjoyed at local restaurants I believe some enterprising restaurant marketed the chicken soup renaming it "Tortilla Soup" for the fried corn tortilla strips used. The recipe went viral And now tortilla has changed from what was a fresh chicken soup topped with condiment to this special dish using roasted chicken and jars of salsa to make.
The use of items like "roasted supermarket chicken" and "a jar your favorite salsa" lead me to believe that most of these recipes are fairly new because as I recall supermarket roasted chicken and jar salsa where not all that available in most locations 30 years ago.
Although I cant be everywhere, what I have noticed is that I guess I started see "Tortilla Soup on the menu's of Mexican and Tex-Mex restaurants about in the late 1970's early 1980's in my area of Southcentral Texas.
If you would like to get to know the typical cooking of the Southcentral Texas area, come see me at http:/tex-mexoff-the-menu.blogspot.com. thanks
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There are a number of sites that offer a variety of recipes for tortilla soup. Some of these tasty recipes can be found on sites such as All Recipes, The Food Network and Simply Recipes.
There are recipes available for Chicken Tortilla Soup on the Campbell's website as well as Kraft's website, The Pioneer Woman, and The Simply Recipes.