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Earth Science
Astronomy.
at the center of the universe
There is no place without gravity anywhere in the Universe.
Science, art, religion, philosophy, and technology are all attempts by humans to understand, express, and adapt to their place in the universe. They are all concerned with why we are here, and what we can do. Art, particularly, is about expressing our beliefs, feelings, and views in pictures that reflect our culture.
It took the wonder out of nature and the universe. It is a place of misery and corruption.
The critical realization that Earth is not at the center of the universe is now known as the Copernican Revolution. The idea that neither Earth nor Sun occupy a special place in the universe is known as the "Copernican Principle". This hypothesis is scientifically classified as a "Principle of Mediocrity".
Geodesy.
We are concerned with ozone because ozone layer blocks about 97% of the the total received by the earth. Ozone depletion will expose earth to harmful radiations and will burn the life. The temperature will increase and make earth inhabitable place.
In the 17th century, different people at different places started to accept the idea that the Earth was not the center of the universe. Copernicus had put forward a description with the Sun at the center of everything.Depending on what perspective you want to take, the center of the universe by some religious teachings is Mecca. One could say that the progression of beliefs was, Mecca, Earth, Sun, Milky Way.Now, we know that with an expanding universe and general relativity, one can say there is no place that is the center of the universe or every place is the center of the universe.
People knew about the Earth since the stone age, thousands of years before 1262.I think you are looking at this the wrong way. To "discover" something means that you have to find it. To find it means that you don't know about it. Since the dawn of man he knew he was some place and that was earth. He didn't know its place in the universe and he made up reasons why he existed and about earth because he didn't have the science to explain it.
As far as the enggineering colleges are concerned, SILICON INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY provides the best place to get you technically geared, specially in computer science and engineering. It has an own dedicated department for research and development in computer science and its related fields.