Complex question. In essence, a realistic depiction of an object or person, should be devoid of style. Something which is almost impossible to find in art, apart from the hyperrealists and photorealists from recent decades. From that perspective, Denis Peterson would be your man.
In a less strict sense, you could consider "realistic figures" as those where there's the least amount of simplification or abstraction from reality. In which case, the Renaissance would be the prime candidate. Paintings before it, by bizantine, romanic or gothic artists, were still heavily stylized. Studies of anatomy, the invention of perspective drawing, the invention of oil painting, even the invention of the printing press, all contributed to a huge leap-forward in realistic representation. However, this revolution wasn't only a technical one, but rather more importantly a philosophical one. This meant, that renaissance artists were still painting according to ideals of beauty, classical canons and sacred geometry, valuing those above realism. In any case, it's a long period of slow change, and it's impossible to pinpoint the exact work or artist which first completely abandoned the old aesthetics and gave the world the very first renaissance art work.
Also, it's worth noting that to paint is to lie, it's illusionism, it's an artifice created to fool the eyes. Look close enough and the illusion breaks, the tridimensional becomes flat, the detail becomes abstract, what was at a distance a clearly defined object, on close inspection is just a jumble of brushstrokes. No amount of realism will ever be absolute and no measure of realism will ever be definitive.
Georgia O'Keeffee (1887-1986).
She dissected animals at a veterinary school.
Paul Gauguin. He was already a painter when he moved to Tahiti.
The first recorded paint mill in America was established in Boston in 1700 by Thomas Child, who had emigrated from England.
Just to be allowed to paint or to work in a workshop with a master painter in the middle ages was a task. The few who did manage to paint and get commissions were wealthy that had the support of a father or another male figure. Women have had to fight for their place in art from start to today. Georgia O'Keeffe was one of the first females in the 1920's and 30's who fought the male dominated art world. To some extent a bit of that still is there.
Titian was the first to paint realistic figures.
Giotto di blah
Giotto di Bondone
If you mean realistic FIGURES, the one usually credited with this is Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). I doubt there is any information about realistic FINGERS.
Realistic Important styles were Rococo and Neoclassicism.
Da Vinci... I think
Employer. The painter does the work, you purchase the paint.
A painter is a person who creates artworks using paint.
they paint
The word painter has no prefix. It has one suffix which is the -er.
The person could be known as a painter or as an artist.
That's true.