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What policy had the US practiced before World War 1?

Updated: 8/20/2019
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10y ago

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Isolationism.

Actually, Imperialism is a much better fit.

Imperialism: the policy, practice, or advocacy of extending the power and domination of a nation especially by direct territorial acquisitions or by gaining indirect control over the political or economic life of other areas.

Isolationism: the policy or doctrine of isolating one's country from the affairs of other nations by declining to enter into alliances, foreign economic commitments, international agreements, etc., seeking to devote the entire efforts of one's country to its own advancement and remain at peace by avoiding foreign entanglements and responsibilities.

While the US pursued a policy of non-entanglement in military alliances with other nations in the early 1900s, it most certainly did NOT do any of the other qualifications for isolationism. The US acted like a imperialist Great Power under Theodore Roosevelt (acquiring the Philippines, Cuba, Hawaii, and several other territories) and had a very aggressive and interventionist foreign policy towards pretty much all of the Western Hemisphere and much of Asia. In addition, the US entered in to several significant economic trade agreements with Japan, Germany, Britain, and France during that time period, as well as participating in treaty negotiations (e.g. the US was involved with the settling of the Sino-Japanese War of 1905) and cooperative military operations (Boxer Rebellion). In addition, the US built a very significant-sized Navy with the intent of power projection (as advocated by the pre-eminent naval theorist of the time, and American named Alfred Thayer Mahan).

In pretty much all respects, the US acted just like the other Great Powers (Germany, France, Russia, Britain) in the pre-WW1 era: aggressive, outgoing, interventionist, and focused on competitive trade and the acquisition of colonies to promote that trade. The sole difference was the US's aversion to military alliances, mainly influenced by the lack of direct military threat to US soil.

Claiming the US was isolationism is an extremely Euro-centric viewpoint; it's no more accurate than claiming that a football player isn't an athlete because he doesn't play baseball.

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