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phospholipids
A double layer, known as a bilayer, of phopholipids forms the main part of the cell membrane.
The cell membrane is composed mainly of lipids. Phospholipids to be precise.
the cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer. (complicated way of saying two layers facing each other. each layer is made of long chains of carbons attached to a phosphate group: see here for a good picture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cell_membrane_detailed_diagram_4.svg
If you are referring to a cell as in a biological cell.. animal cells are shaped by their cell membrane. They don't really have a set shape exactly, because the membrane is made up of flexible lipids. plant cells are more structured, in addition to a cell membrane, they have a cell wall. This much more rigid then the membrane. If you were looking for different information,. I hope you find out :)
The outer covering of an animal cell is the cell membrane. The outer covering of plant cells is the cell wall, which is much stronger and stiff.
membrane proteins are like signals that require activation and energy (in this case ATP) much like most processes in the human body. membrane proteins exist between layers of other cells and can act as channels from one side of a membrane to another in many cases with out anything physically being transfered through the cell membrane.
it is not call ed the outer membrane, its the cell wall. It does the same thing like the cell membrane, but the cell wall is much for stricter with objects coming in and out of cell, what is call, selectivly permeable
its is a permeable membrane which allows osmosis and diffusion of small molecules such as glucose, salts and mineral ions. In an animal cell, it cannot hold the cell turgid like plant cells can, and so it bursts when too much water has entered it. This is osmotic shock
The cell membrane is very much like the rubber part of an inflated balloon.
Cell Wall
Cell membrane, made of different stuff, but both have a cell membrane. Flagella, much smaller and different, but both can have flagella.