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The gospels were originally written anonymously and were only attributed to Matthew, Mark, Luke and John respectively, later in the second century.

It is widely accepted among scholars that Matthew and Luke relied on Mark's Gospel for everything they knew about the life and mission of Jesus. They also relied on the hypothetical 'Q' document for sayings attributed to Jesus. All the gospels, but most especially Matthew looked to the Septuagint, an early Greek translation of the Hebrew scriptures. Luke appears to have used the works of Josephus to provide historical background material, certainly for Acts of the Apostles and most probably for the Gospel.

John was inspired by Luke's Gospel but took some material direct from Mark. The Cambridge Ancient History (XI The Imperial Peace A.D. 70-192) says, "The Gospel of John is not intended to be read as a biography, it is a mystical and theological interpretation of the life and teachings of Christ. The author draws material from Mark and Luke; doubtless also from independent tradition, neither the extent nor historical value of such tradition would seem great."

Raymond E. Brown (An Introduction to the New Testament) says that the earliest gospel, that of Mark, seems to depend on traditions (and perhaps already shaped sources) received in Greek. He points to some parallels between Mark on the one hand, and Romans and 1 Corinthians on the other. Paul's epistles were conceivably sources that provided key events and names from which to develop Mark's Gospel. Dennis R. MacDonald (The Homeric Epics and the Gospel of Mark) says that much of the material in Mark has parallels in Homer's Iliadand Odyssey, drawing a credible case for the homeric epics being an important source for Mark.

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9y ago

The primary 'source' for the New Testament was Jesus' teachings/words. The secondary source was the Old Testament Scripture itself which is referenced numerous times - especially Isaiah. Lastly, events of the times would play a role. All of these, while guided/inspired by God's Holy Spirit created the four Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John - Acts is often included in this 'section' of The Bible.

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Q: What were the sources for the composition of the Gospels?
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