The most common wire ran in 120v residential is NM (Non-metallic) sheathed wire such as the brand Romex. 14 gauge wire generally has a white sheathing and can be used on 15 amp circuits such as lighting. 12 gauge wire is thicker, generally having a yellow sheathing and can be used on 20 amp circuits such as those serving receptacles. Considering future demands, 12 gauge wire should be used. Under no circumstances should you ever use 14 gauge wire on a 20 amp circuit.
No, not a good idea. You have to use a 347 volt ballast.
yes
Only if the cable going to your well pump is a three wire. The third wire could carry the neutral and you will have 120 volts from either 240 leg to the neutral.
Should be about 120 VAC.
You can't. The 120 volt GFCI is probably just a 2-wire (hot, neutral and ground) You would have to run a new 3-wire (2 hots, neutral and ground). The two hots are how you get the 240 volts (120+120=240). Also you must make sure the wire is gauged properly. #10 wire for 30 amps, #12 wire for 20 amps, etc.
Yes, but it will not work.
No, not a good idea. You have to use a 347 volt ballast.
black
yes
Only if the cable going to your well pump is a three wire. The third wire could carry the neutral and you will have 120 volts from either 240 leg to the neutral.
Should be about 120 VAC.
You can't. The 120 volt GFCI is probably just a 2-wire (hot, neutral and ground) You would have to run a new 3-wire (2 hots, neutral and ground). The two hots are how you get the 240 volts (120+120=240). Also you must make sure the wire is gauged properly. #10 wire for 30 amps, #12 wire for 20 amps, etc.
Yes <<>> In North America, a three wire 120/240 volt system uses a neutral wire. For 240 volts two "hot" wires are used with no neutral.
In the US of A, it's supposed to be black.
AWG # 10 wire on 30 amp circuit.
Wire is wire - is doesn't matter what voltage you use. However, if you are changing the voltage on a device from 240 to 120, given the same power requirement, you may need bigger wires for the doubled current (and increased heat of resistivity).
Where there is a red wire involved that usually indicates some type of special switching arrangement or more likely a 240 Volt circuit. In this case there will be 240 volts across the red and black and they will both be hot. Normally for 120 Volts the black is hot, the white is common and the bare wire is ground.