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There are differing views on the history of the rosary. According to tradition, the rosary was given to Saint Dominic in an apparition by the Blessed Virgin Mary in the year 1214 in the church of Prouille. This Marian apparition received the title of Our Lady of the Rosary. However, most scholarly research suggests a more gradual and organic development of the rosary. Prayers with beads like the rosary may have begun as a practice by the laity to imitate the monastic Liturgy of the Hours, during the course of which the monks prayed the 150 Psalms daily. As many of the laity and even lay monastics could not read, they substituted 150 repetitions of the Our Father (Pater noster in Latin) for the Psalms, sometimes using a cord with knots on it to keep an accurate count. During the middle ages, evidence suggests that both the Our Father and the Hail Mary were recited with prayer beads. In the 7th century, Saint Eligius wrote of using a counting device to keep track of the 150 Hail Marys of the Psalter of Mary. In 13th century Paris, four trade guilds existed of prayer bead makers, who were referred to as paternosterers, and the beads were referred to as paternosters, suggesting a continued link between the Our Father (Pater noster in Latin) and the prayer beads. In the 12th century, the rule of the English anchorites, the Ancrene Wisse, specified how groups of 50 Hail Marys were to be broken into five decades of ten Hail Marys each. Gradually, the Hail Mary came to replace the Our Father as the prayer most associated with beads. Eventually, each decade came to be preceded by an Our Father, which further mirrored the structure of the monastic Liturgy of the Hours. The practice of meditation during the praying of the Hail Marys is attributed to Dominic of Prussia (1382-1460), a Carthusian monk, who called it "Life of Jesus Rosary" The German monk from Trier added a sentence to each of the 50 Hail Marys already popular at his time, using quotes from scriptures. Promoted by his superior Adolf von Essen and others, his practice became popular among Benedictines and Carthusians from Trier to adjoining Belgium and France, where it was greatly promoted by the preaching of the Dominican priest Alan de Rupe, who helped to spread the devotion in France, Flanders, and the Netherlands between 1460 and his death in 1475. From the 16th to the early 20th century, the structure of the rosary remained essentially unchanged. There were 15 mysteries, one for each of the 15 decades. In the 20th century the addition of the Fatima Prayer to the end of each decade became popular. There were no other changes until 2002 when John Paul II instituted five optional new Luminous Mysteries. Since the 17th century, the Rosary began to appear as an element in key pieces of Roman Catholic Marian art, often in art that depicts the Virgin Mary. Key examples include Murrillo's Madonna with the Rosary at the Museo del Prado in Spain, and the statute of Madonna with Rosary at the church of San Nazaro Maggiore in Milan. Several Roman Catholic Marian churches around the world have also been named after the rosary, e.g. Our Lady of the Rosary Basilica, in Rosario Argentina, the Rosary Basilica in Lourdes and Nossa Senhora do Rosário in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

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ccounts differ. It was allegedlly introduced by either Saint Dominic ( who founded the order bearing his name-Dominicans) or in some quarters St. Simon Stock ( not to be confused with the Biblical Simon Peter- among other things the First Pope and the Rock of Ages. The history of the Rosary is rather obscure. It is not mentioned in The Bible, It is not a Sacrament- but what is termed a Sacramental- used as both a noun and an adjective. Sacramental as a noun includes statues, prayer cards, and such things as the Rosay- usually called religious articles. There are what amounts to three different cycles of prayers associated and directly forming a part of the schedule- like bus stops as it were. These are the Glorious, Joyous (sometimes called Joyful) and the Sorrowful. The Sorrowful mysteries are sent off on Fridays- naturally. They are based on various events of the Passion of the Christ. the other two sets are basically positive events in the life of Mary. Hail Maries are an integral part of the prayer cycle. As a kid it struck me odd ( given the immortality of the Bible, for example) why one would dhange prayer cycles three times a week- dragging God down to the level of Parking Laws- this is based on the day of the week, and not theological seasons-such as Lent, Easter Advent, etc./ It did strike me a bit odd in that respect alone. soemthing about this shift cycle.

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