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Bianbai wood comes from the tree Platycladus Orientalis (generic Chinese arborvitae), a large evergreen shrub or small to medium-sized tree. The common name for this tree is Book-Leaf Pine. This tree is native to China, Japan, Taiwan, and parts of the Republic of Russia and the Ukraine. It can be successfully grown--although considered an exotic--in such diverse areas as Poland, Iran, France, New Zealand, and Hawaii, USA, as it is a hardy tree and tolerates a wide variety of soil types and climate conditions.

DESCRIPTION and Biology:

P. orientalis rarely exceeds the height of 20m in nature; cultivated, it often forms multiple stems with a dense habit, usually broadly conical with ascending branches from bare stems. Leaves are light green or yellow-green, becoming brown after 3 or 4 seasons, persistent, scale-like, in opposite-decussate pairs, and have no glands.

Pollen cones terminal, small (2-3 mm long), seed cones 20-25 mm long, 10-18mm wide when closed, glaucous green at first, turning reddish-brown, usually have 6-8 fleshy scales in an opposite-decussate arrangement, with a deeply recurved dorsal hook below the tip of each scale; this protuberance is the apical part of the bract, around which the fleshy scale develops after the ovules are fertilized, to nearly engulf the bract; scales glaucous when growing, maturing and ripening to bright brown; lower 4 scales fertile with 2-3 seeds occurring adaxially near the base of the lowest pair, only

one on the upper pair.

Seeds 5-7mm long, 3-4mm diameter, more or less ovate, wingless. Seed-bearing begins, on average, at 3 years.

This is a monotypic genus; the generic name comes from the Greek word platyclados (with a broad stem). The Greek word results in two English words plate and clad which conjures up the image of plates arranged in a rack as the tree's foliage appears when viewed from afar. The peculiar arrangement of upright branchlets and flattened lateral twigs gives this tree its unusual leafing habit and explains the origin of its common name (Book-Leaf Pine).

PRODUCTS:

Timber: Wood close-grained and knotty, heartwood dark brown, sapwood white or cream. The timber is used for gateposts and furniture.

Medicine: Parts of P. orientalis were previously used to treat scurvy. Leaf extracts have been shown to inhibit bacterial growth.

Essential Oils: Leaves, wood, bark, and seed shells of have been steam-distilled, and the resulting essential oils and their constituents analysed by GC/MS (mass spectrometry). Essential oils from leaves and seed shells have been found to contain more than 20 mono- and sesqui-terpenes, the most important being alpha-pinene (constituting 40% of the oil), DELTA3-carene, and cedrol.

Other: Seeds from P. orientalis contain terpenoids.

Uses:

Ornamental: The Chinese arbovitae is planted in many gardens, especially for its striking pale green foliage with odd-looking glaucous cones.

Boundary, Barrier, or Support: It tolerates pruning and is therefore used as a hedge plant.

Other: This tree is highly esteemed in mystical Chinese folklore, and was planted within tombs of ancient emperors. It's seeds were also placed within the caskets. More recently, P. orientalis has become popular as a hiking staff/walking stick.

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13y ago
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10y ago

The wood of the Chinese arborvitae is what bianbai wood is.

Specifically, the woody plant in question carries the scientific name Platycladus orientalis. It grows as an evergreen shrub or small tree whose mature height hovers around 65.5 feet (19.96 meters). It has exfoliating, red-brown, thin bark. It produces an attractive wood that particularly is popular among cane- and stick-toting trekkers and walkers.

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