The party who initiates the case is usually called the Plaintiff (although in some jurisdictions, the term is Petitioner). The person who is sued is the Defendant (who may be called the Respondent in those jurisdictions that use the term Petitioner).
If the Defendant asserts a claim back against the Plaintiff, the Defendant may be called the Counterclaimant, and the Plaintiff called the Counterdefendant.
If one of the parties believes that yet another party, not a part of the original suit, bears some responsibility, that third party can be joined in the lawsuit by means of filing and serving a "Third Party Complaint". The person served becomes a Third Party Defendant.
prosecution and private person
Criminal cases and civil cases
In general, law is divided into Civil and Criminal law. Child custody, divorce, etc are not usually Criminal cases, and are therefor Civil cases.
All cases that are not criminal are civil. When two private parties have a dispute, it is civil. When one party is charged with a crime by the state, it is criminal.
Criminal cases and civil cases
All cases, criminal and civil, originating within that particular courts jurisdiction.
Yes. Criminal cases far outnumber civil cases.
In both cases, the moving party bears the burden of proof. In a criminal case, that is the government. In a civil case, that is the plaintiff.
There are a variety of types of legal cases. These include civil cases, as well as criminal legal cases.
The two types of cases are criminal and civil. Some types of civil cases in the Philippines would include domestic, contracts, and personal injury.
Judicial Branch
civil and criminal
criminal