In the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), they were considered to be the first people on earth. In those religions Adam and Eve were believed to be created by God's own hands and were placed as the rulers over the earth and all the creatures in it.
Other religions have other first people with parallel roles.
In biology Y chromosome Adam is the most recent common male ancestor of all people alive today and mitochondrial Eve is the most recent common female ancestor. They are not thought to have lived at the same time and the phrase "most recent" does not exclude earlier common ancestors who may have lived at the same time.
Adam and Eve were the first man and woman according to Genesis in the Bible. Adam was made before Eve, but because God wanted to "make a helper suitable for him," he created Eve from the rib of Adam. Now Adam and Eve were sinless and perfect at that time, and they were naked but not ashamed. After God created them, he put them in a garden and told them that they could do whatever they wanted and eat from any tree in the garden except one, which was the "tree of the knowledge of good and evil", which both Adam and Eve ate from after being tempted by a serpent. Then God sent them out of the garden because of what they did.
Adam is the
first man, and Eve is the
first woman. They're the first of many characters whose stories are told in the Old Testament Book of Genesis. The couple that they form is of historical and spiritual importance. They're the ancestors of the Hebrew people whose beliefs, culture and traditions are the source for three major world religions.
In the second creation story of the Book of Genesis, Adam and Eve were the first people created, and were the leading characters in a story about moral failings. Some people still believe that Adam and Eve were the first people created.
They were two human beings formed by the Creator, but were not necessarily the very first people on the planet, as many believers and disbelievers continue to share or "debunk".