Why couldn't Texas have been divided into several states and each join with a Northern state to keep the balance and limit the expansion of slavery?

Answer 1

Many different reasons, but remember that only 20 years earlier, Texas had fought against Mexico to keep her independence. For a brief time, Texas was a nation unto itself. After they had fought and died to keep their independence and freedom, there is no way anyone could have convinced them to divide Texas into smaller territories to be matched up with northern states. And the point of the matter comes back that the root cause for the Civil War, was state's rights. The catalyst that lit the powder keg we call the Civil War was slavery. Texas joined the US by treaty and has the right to split into 4 additional states. That ultimately was left up to the Texas legislature and population requirements still needed to be met.