She refused to testify because by doing so meant she would have to answer questions about other people in the movie industry, instead of just answering questions about her own beliefs and activities. She had actually sent a letter stating she would gladly give up her 5th amendment rights to testify if the committee would not ask her any questions about other "Hollywood" people. After their refusal, she invoked her 5th amendment rights and refused to testify.
25 September 1911
Social Reformers!
Sen. Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin was known for leading the Congressional investigations into Communist influences in the US during the early 1950's. The worldwide competition between the US and the USSR was called the "Cold War" and involved many such allegations against Communist Party members and suspected sympathizers, as well as blackmailed or corrupted officials. The House UnAmerican Activities Committee and Senate Committee on Government Operations were the primary venues for Congressional hearings, which were later denounced as "witch hunts" by the news media and the US government.DetailsMcCarthy made a speech in Wheeling, WV, in 1950 saying that there were over 200 members of the Communist Party in the U.S. State Dept.. This number has not been substantiated. Once he got a lot of media attention, he revised that number to under one hundred. There is reason to believe that McCarthy as a Republican wanted to embarrass the Truman administration and break the two decades of Democratic control of the presidency. He had also been polled as the worst senator in office by the Senate press corps a few years earlier, so he undoubtedly was trying to save his own political skinFollowing WW II, there was a lot of concern about the USSR and communists taking over the United States. People were convicted of giving the secrets of the atomic bomb to the USSR. The House UnAmerican Activities Committee held hearings concerning the activities of some members of government. Following the publicity McCarthy received, HUAC and the Tydings Committee stepped up their investigations. McCarthy kept changing the number of people he accused of being communists in the government and never disclosed the source of this information. He also quoted hearsay as facts, which as a lawyer he should have known not to do.In 1952, McCarthy was made chair of the Senate Committee on Government Operations with the notorious Roy Cohn as legal counsel. With this committee and with the new television technology, he continued to receive public attention. He also widened his investigation to include people outside the government and eventually the Army. Altogether McCarthy's name is associated with anti-communist rabble-rousing and hearings reminiscent of the Salem witch trials. The McCarthy Era only lasted a few years, but many people (especially in the entertainment industry) lost their jobs and were blacklisted for a decade. Notable were the "Hollywood Ten". Eventually, the Tydings Report labeled McCarthy's accusations as fraud. McCarthy later died of the effects of alcoholism.The McCarthy Era inspired Arthur Miller's play "The Crucible", Lillian Helman's book, "Scoundrel Time" and movies like "The Manchurian Candidate".Truth in the McCarthy AllegationsYes, there was a Red Scare in the Government and in Hollywood during the early 50's. Spies were everywhere. The Democrats and the news media made McCarthy look like an idiot, but years later, it was shown that such coordinated spying did actually take place. Many US diplomatic and military secrets are still leaked to Russia or China by enemy agents and paid US conspirators.
There was no one by the name of Lillian Boardman that competed in the Olympics. There was a Lillian Board that competed for Great Britain that won silver in the women's 400 meter dash at the 1968 Games in Mexico City. She was a gold medalist at the 1969 European Championships in the 800 meter run and 4x400 meter relay. Tragically, two years after competing in the Olympics she passed away from stomach cancer at the age of 22.
Frank (1868-1924) and Lillian (1878-1972) Gilbreth refined the field of motion study and laid the foundation for modern applications of job simplification, meaningful work standards, and incentive wage plans
Lillian Hellman has: Played herself in "Committee on UnAmerican Activities" in 1962. Performed in "The Rehearsal" in 1974. Played Herself - Presenter: Documentary Awards in "The 49th Annual Academy Awards" in 1977. Played herself in "Profile: Lillian Hellman" in 1981. Played herself in "American Masters" in 1985. Played Herself - Blacklisted Screenwriter in "And the Oscar Goes To..." in 2014.
Lillian Hellman was born on June 20, 1905.
Lillian Hellman died on June 30, 1984 at the age of 79.
Sweetwater
Profile Lillian Hellman - 1981 was released on: USA: 10 April 1981
Lillian Hellman was born on June 20, 1905 and died on June 30, 1984. Lillian Hellman would have been 79 years old at the time of death or 110 years old today.
she died of head surgery
she died of head surgery
Lillian Hellman was born on June 20, 1905.
Lillian Hellman
Lillian Hellman
American Masters - 1985 The Lives of Lillian Hellman 13-5 was released on: USA: 30 June 1999