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The international Red Cross movement began by a chance occurrence. In 1859, a Swiss businessman, Henry Dunant, traveled to northern Italy to obtain a business document. In Italy, he happened to witness a one-day battle between Austrian and French armies outside the town of Solferino. He was horrified to see that 9,000 wounded soldiers were left without any medical attention, and he organized local villagers to help care for the wounded.

After returning home to Geneva, Dunant could not forget what he had seen, and, in 1862, he published his memoir of the event titled A Memory of Solferino. The book was a huge success and influenced a Geneva charity society to join with Dunant to form International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), which met for the first time in February 1863.

Later that year, the committee held an international conference to bring together governmental and private aid organizations. (This combination of public and private support became an essential element of the Red Cross.) The 1863 conference led to ten resolutions that outlined the goals and organization of the ICRC.

The ICRC wanted every country to form its own Red Cross committee to address their needs and to work in concert through the ICRC. The first Red Cross societies were created in Belgium, Prussia, Denmark, France, Italy, Spain, and other European countries in 1863. The American Red Cross was founded by famous Civil War nurse Clara Barton in 1881. Almost every nation in the world has formed its own Red Cross or Red Crescent (as it is called in Muslim countries) organization.

Each national group supports the fundamental principles of the movement, which are humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary service, unity, and universality.

Many of these principles are at the heart of the Geneva Convention of 1864 (also known as the Treaty of Geneva), created by the ICRC. This document mandated that hospitals and medical personnel be treated as neutral parties during war and that wounded must be cared for, regardless of nationality. The Geneva Convention was the start of international humanitarian law and has had enormous influence around the world.

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14y ago
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11y ago

They started the red cross because they thought it was war so they started to fight back.

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11y ago

beacuse thy wanted the world to know about them

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12y ago

The Red Cross was founded by Jean Henri Dunant, not Mother Teresa.

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11y ago

to help people

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Related questions

Where did the Australian red cross start?

The red cross started in 1863


Why did the Canadian red cross start?

Canadian Red Cross was created in 1896.


How did Clara Barton begin redcross?

She didn't start the red cross. She joined the red cross.


Why did she start the red cross?

to help sldiers


Were did the red cross start?

It started in the 1859s


Where did the red cross start?

The red cross was started in Geneva, Switzerland.


When did they start the international red cross?

It was started in 1863.


When did The Crossing start?

The Red Cross established in 1904


What year did the British Red Cross start?

British Red Cross started on 4 August 1870. See related link.


When did Henry Dunant found the Red Cross?

The Red Cross was officially founded on October 29, 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland.


What year did Clara Barton start the Red Cross?

1881


What agency did Clara Barton start?

The American Red Cross.