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A jpg file stores a compressed picture.

The digital cameras use a relatively weak compression in order to improve the time that it takes to process an image before saving it. Most of the compression algorithms are also implemented in hardware, which limits the complexity - they face severe memory and processor limits on the digital camera hardware. In few words they trade algorithm complexity for time.

When you open it in MS Paint or some other PC Software and save it again you use the standard JPEG algorithms that are optimized for PC (typically the jpeglib). These algorithms start with the assumption that they have a lot of memory and processing power at disposal, therefore these algorithms trade processing time for the size and quality of the results. The result is that even if the quality is similar (no difference for the human eye) the output size may be up to 5x smaller for images processed with PC software.

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Q: Why is the size of a jpg file stored in the memory of a digital camera very large but the same file opened in MS Paint and saved as jpg much smaller?
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