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The majority of the white clouds seen during the first few seconds of a shuttle launch is actually steam, not smoke. To dampen the noise from the powerful rocket motors on the shuttle, approximately 400,000 gallons of water are sprayed underneath the exhaust for six seconds before launch and fifteen seconds afterward. When the hot exhaust hits the water it evaporates, making an enormous cloud which will eventually precipitate and turn into rain.Without this sound dampening system, the immense blast of noise from the shuttle launching would likely break windows for miles around the launch site.

Additionally, a fair amount of steam is created by the engines of the shuttle. The external fuel tanks on the vehicle (one large orange tank and two thinner, white tanks known as Solid Rocket Boosters or SRBs) contain various propellants to shoot the shuttle into space. The large external tank contains liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen which is fed to the shuttle's main engines.

Any good science student will know that water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The combustion of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen creates water in its gaseous form, steam. This steam joins the cloud made by the noise dampening system and is carried away into the atmosphere.

For further information, see a great page about the principles of rocketry by viewing the related links below.

See Related LinksSee the Related Links for "Principles of Rocketry" to the bottom for the answer.
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Q: Why is there so much smoke during space shuttle and rocket launches?
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What is the white smoke during the shuttle launch?

hydrogen


Is the smoke from the the rocket is that producing trust?

no


Can Space shuttle launching cause earthquakes?

No, there is no way for a shuttle launch to cause an earthquake. They are very loud, but while they are close to the ground, a huge amount of water is poured under the flame. The white you see is steam, not smoke! This water keeps the rocket from destroying its pad, let alone causing earthquakes!


What caused the challenger to blow up?

The ground level temperature was 36 F. 15 F colder than any other launches. After 0.68 seconds, black smoke was coming from the AFT joint of the right rocket booster. Then seventy-two seconds after launch a chain of events caused the shuttle to explode. First, the lower strut connecting the right rocket booster to the external tank was extremely hot and weak. Second, the force that was on the strut made it break away from the right rocket booster and the external tank. Third, since the strut broke away from the right rocket booster, this allowed the right rocket booster to spin freely. With the right booster spinning freely, the bottom was burning, hitting, and denting the challengers' wing. The inside of the external tank had ruptured and was letting out liquid hydrogen. The top of the rocket was hitting the top of the external tank and also broke the oxygen tank. The vapor that these two chemicals made it very dangerous. The vapor is what made the main explosion. This explosion is what killed all six astronauts plus the one civilian.


How did the shuttle Challenger blow up?

The cold weather caused two of the O-rings in the right solid rocket booster to not seal properly, so hot gases escaped but left behind some aluminium that is in rocket fuel to cover up the hole. At 50 something seconds after liftoff there is a very strong wind that pushes it back and forth (that is also why the smoke cloud left behind is in a zig-zag), dislodging the aluminium and causing a fire, the fire then burned the connector between the rocket boosters and the fuel tank, dislodging the rocket booster. The booster then got hit by wind and made the booster hit into the fuel tank causing it to explode.

Related questions

What is the source of the billows of white smoke that are seen when the space shuttle lifts off?

Those are massive discharges of water used to keep the stuff on the pad from melting and to absorb the accoustic vibration (noise). Most rocket launches do that.


What is the white smoke during the shuttle launch?

hydrogen


Is the smoke from the the rocket is that producing trust?

no


Can Space shuttle launching cause earthquakes?

No, there is no way for a shuttle launch to cause an earthquake. They are very loud, but while they are close to the ground, a huge amount of water is poured under the flame. The white you see is steam, not smoke! This water keeps the rocket from destroying its pad, let alone causing earthquakes!


Is smoke coming out of a rocket a indicator that the engine is producing thrust?

not exactly,there could be powder coming out of a hole or puncture in the rocket.that could cause an explosion sending flaming debree everywhere.you should inspect the rocket first.if you see lots of smoke you can: a.throw a rock at it while it is still low to the ground b.send another rocket at it to make it explode c.DON'T LAUNCH ROCKETS WITHOUT INSPECTING THEM!


How does space exploration destroy earth?

by the smoke from the rocket it damages plant and creatures


Can the smoke from a model rocket kill you?

Probably not, but I wouldn't recommend standing too close to the rocket as it lifts off. The fumes from the rocket's engine definitely aren't very good for your lungs.


What is the source of the billows of white smoke that are seen when booster rockets ignite upon liftoff of space shuttle?

Some of it is from the vapors produced by the propellants in the solid rocket boosters (SRB's), but much is from the water that is dumped on the launch pad to dampen the vibrations during the launch. The SRB's combust ammonium perchlorate, aluminum, iron oxide, and a polymer. The shuttles main engines use liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen.


Was rocky from rocky and bullwinkle a girl?

"Hokey smoke!" Rocket J. Squirrel is a boy .


What caused the challenger to blow up?

The ground level temperature was 36 F. 15 F colder than any other launches. After 0.68 seconds, black smoke was coming from the AFT joint of the right rocket booster. Then seventy-two seconds after launch a chain of events caused the shuttle to explode. First, the lower strut connecting the right rocket booster to the external tank was extremely hot and weak. Second, the force that was on the strut made it break away from the right rocket booster and the external tank. Third, since the strut broke away from the right rocket booster, this allowed the right rocket booster to spin freely. With the right booster spinning freely, the bottom was burning, hitting, and denting the challengers' wing. The inside of the external tank had ruptured and was letting out liquid hydrogen. The top of the rocket was hitting the top of the external tank and also broke the oxygen tank. The vapor that these two chemicals made it very dangerous. The vapor is what made the main explosion. This explosion is what killed all six astronauts plus the one civilian.


Can you smoke during Ramadan?

..


When a rocket lands on a planet does it hurt the planet?

Yes the rocket does hurt the planet because, the rocket has chemicals in the fuel that are bad for the plant. The chemicals in that fuel makes smog and smog can pollute almost anywhere. Smog is the mixture of smoke, chemicals, and fog.