Coal is generally considered a sedimentary rock as it is made up
of deposited material (in this case organic matter, mostly from
plants) and is eventually covered up by overburden. I'm not going
to go into the details of the physical change but the reason black
coal might be considered metamorphic is that it has been subjected
to more pressure over time which furthers the coalification
process.
The order of coalification coal:
peat -> lignite (brown coal) ->sub bituminous ->
bituminous ->anthracite (very rare)
everything after lignite is black in colour.
If you need this for a report I'd probably look it up though,
its been a while since I've studied coal in depth.