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It will make Chlorine Gas (among other deadly things)That warning is there to protect you. Household bleach has a chemical formula of NaOCl - that is, one atom each of sodium, oxygen, and chlorine. Its chemical name, for the curious, is sodium hypochlorite. Ammonia has a chemical formula of NH3, that is, one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen. When these two compounds are combined, the following reaction takes place:

2NaOCl + 2NH3 --> 2NaONH3 + Cl2.

Do you see that Cl2 on the right hand side there? This means one part chlorine gas, made up of diatomic (two-atom) molecules. It also means that the chlorine gas has been liberated from the bleach, and is quite capable of causing you harm when inhaled!

Nitrogen Trichloride (very toxic)

Another potential reaction, which occurs when a greater amount of bleach is added than ammonia, is this:

3NaOCl + NH3 --> 3NaOH + NCl3 That's sodium hydroxide and nitrogen trichloride. Nitrogen trichloride is a very toxic chemical to humans, and even if you did get close enough to ingest it, it would probably explode in your face first, as it is also a very volatile explosive. There is little necessity in explaining why that is bad.

Hydrazine (explosive rocket fuel) Another reaction can occur if you have more ammonia than bleach. It is a three-part process. The first reaction produces sodium hydroxide and chloramine.
NH3 + NaOCl --> NaOH +NH2Cl These products react with more ammonia.

NH3 + NH2Cl + NaOH -->N2H4 + NaCl + H2O.

N2H4 is hydrazine, a very unstable compound. Then a final reaction between hydrazine and dichloramine occurs.

2NH2Cl + N2H4 --> 2NH4Cl + N2.

This reaction produces so much heat that it usually causes an explosion.

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10y ago
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8y ago

When you combine bleach and ammonia, the two react to form many toxic products, including chloramine, dichloramine, nitrogen trichloride and hydrazine. But, if the reaction goes through all the way, it forms non-toxic nitrogen. The equation is as followed:

NH3+NaOCl --> NH2Cl+NaOH

NH2Cl+NaOCl --> NHCl2+NaOH

NHCl2+NaOCl --> NCl3+NaOH

NH3+NH2Cl+NaOH --> N2H4+NaCl+H2O

N2H4+2NH2Cl --> 2NH4Cl+N2

I would not recommend it unless you have proper safety equipment, a fume hood and are doing it under supervision of a experienced chemist.

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12y ago

Bleach contains chlorine when it reacts with ammonia a very toxic chloroamine is formed.

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10y ago

Very bad idea! This is a potentially fatal mixture which will release toxic vapors.

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Q: What happens when you combine bleach and ammonia.?
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