Any satellite communications system network operator using a Ku-Band system (12/14 GHz or higher frequencies) will face the effects of rain fade at some time. But to understand why this weakening occurs with Ku-Band transmissions, you must first understand the causes of satellite rain fade. Two of the most common causes are listed below.
Scattering can be caused by either refraction or diffraction:
It refers primarily to the absorption of a microwave Radio Frequency (RF) signal by atmospheric rain, snow or ice, and losses are especially prevalent at frequencies above 11 GHz. It also refers to the degradation of a signal caused by the electromagnetic interference of the leading edge of a storm front. Rain attenuation or fade can be caused by precipitation at the uplink or downlink location. However, it does not need to be raining at a location for it to be affected by rain fade, as the signal may pass through precipitation many miles away, especially if the satellite dish has a low look angle.
From 5 to 20 percent of rain fade or satellite signal attenuation may also be caused by rain, snow or ice on the uplink or downlink antenna reflector, radome or feed horn.
Any satellite communications system network operator using a Ku-Band system (12/14 GHz or higher frequencies) will face the effects of rain fade at some time. But to understand why this weakening occurs with Ku-Band transmissions, you must first understand the causes of satellite rain fade. Two of the most common causes are listed below.
Scattering can be caused by either refraction or diffraction:
These different reactions ultimately have the same effect - they cause any satellite system to lose some of its normal signal level. Don't expect to lose your satellite signal every time it rains, though. Rain outage will only occur during the heaviest rains (convective and stratiform are the most predominant types) with only a small portion of the transmission path experiencing attenuation. In fact, of a typical satellite transmission path measuring 22,300 miles, less than .02% will be affected by rain fade.
Due to multiple reflections
satellite is satellite
attenuation due to atmospheric conditions.
definition of optical satellite communication
The first communication satellite was Echo NASA
The problems are attenuation of signals due to certain atmospheric condition . Depending on the elevation, the signal has to penetrate a small ar larger percentage of the atmosphere. generally an elevation less than 10 degrees is considered useless for communication.
The satellite is in space, the satellite receiver is on Earth. The rain is in the atmosphere between the satellite and the receiver. The more rain, the more of the signal from the satellite will be used up by the atmosphere on its way down instead of reaching the receiver.
Why Fresnel zone affecting satellite and ground communication?
Com = Communication, Sat = Satellite
Attenuation is a measure of how much loss a signal experiences when it travels down a communication medium( loss as heat, absorbed by communication medium).It is mesured in decibels Attenuation is a term that refers to any reduction in the strength of a signal, when transmitting over a long dinstance. Attenuation occurs with any type of signal, whether digital or analog. It is also called loss of signals, The extent of attenuation is usually expressed in units called decibels (dBs).
land satellite sea satellite communication satellite weather satellite and spy satellite
it means loss of signal as distance increase July