The one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis is an idea in an attempt to fix the one gene-one protein hypothesis (previously one gene-one enzyme hypothesis) after scientists realized that proteins can be made up by more than one polypeptide chain and that each polypeptide chain is specified by its own gene.
An example would be a protein like hemoglobin, the oxygen transporting protein of vertebrate blood cells. Hemoglobin is made up of two kinds of polypeptides. Because of the two polypeptide chains, hemoglobin is made up of two genes.
While this hypothesis was an improvement, it wasn't entirely true. While the example is true, the fact of the matter is, eukaryotes are much more complex than 1940s (around the time that Tatum and Beadle first came up with the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis ) technology allowed for scientists to understand. There is a step in RNA processing or post-transcriptional modification where parts of the transcribed gene is cut out (the cut out part is called the intron). Because of this mechanism, it is possible for a single gene to create more than 1 polypeptide.
Because one gene codes for one polypeptide and some proteins are made of more than one polypeptide and stuck together after translation of the genes that code for these polypeptides. Not sure if there ever was a one gene one protein hypothesis or if its just something they teach in schools to avoid overcomplicating things.
What does the "one gene-one polypeptide" theory state?
The major breakthrough in demonstrating the relationship between genes and proteins came in the 1940s. American geneticists George Beadle and Edward Tatum worked with the orange bread mold Neurospora crassa. Beadle and Tatum studied mutant strains of the mold that were unable to grow on the usual nutrient medium. Each of these mutant strains turned out to lack a single enzyme needed to produce some molecule the mold needed, such as a vitamin or an amino acid. Beadle and Tatum also showed that each mutant was defective in a single gene. Their research led them to propose the "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis. This hypothesis states that the function of an individual gene is to dictate the production of a specific enzyme.Since then, scientists have learned that some genes actually dictate the production of a single polypeptide, which may make up part of an enzyme or another kind of protein. Beadle and Tatum's hypothesis is now generally stated as one gene-one polypeptide.
Tatum and Beadle proposed the "one gene one enzyme" theory. One gene code is responsible for the production of a single protein. "One gene one enzyme" is modified to "one gene one polypeptide" because the majority of proteins are composed of multiple polypeptides.
Amino acids---->peptide---->polypeptide--->protein.
Because one gene codes for one polypeptide and some proteins are made of more than one polypeptide and stuck together after translation of the genes that code for these polypeptides. Not sure if there ever was a one gene one protein hypothesis or if its just something they teach in schools to avoid overcomplicating things.
True
What does the "one gene-one polypeptide" theory state?
One gene codes for (or provides the recipe) for the creation of one polypeptide through transcription and translation.
Chains of amino acids are referred to as polypeptides. Proteins are created from one or more of these polypeptide molecules.
The major breakthrough in demonstrating the relationship between genes and proteins came in the 1940s. American geneticists George Beadle and Edward Tatum worked with the orange bread mold Neurospora crassa. Beadle and Tatum studied mutant strains of the mold that were unable to grow on the usual nutrient medium. Each of these mutant strains turned out to lack a single enzyme needed to produce some molecule the mold needed, such as a vitamin or an amino acid. Beadle and Tatum also showed that each mutant was defective in a single gene. Their research led them to propose the "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis. This hypothesis states that the function of an individual gene is to dictate the production of a specific enzyme.Since then, scientists have learned that some genes actually dictate the production of a single polypeptide, which may make up part of an enzyme or another kind of protein. Beadle and Tatum's hypothesis is now generally stated as one gene-one polypeptide.
Null hypothesis of a one-way ANOVA is that the means are equal. Alternate hypothesis a one-way ANOVA is that at least one of the means are different.
Tatum and Beadle proposed the "one gene one enzyme" theory. One gene code is responsible for the production of a single protein. "One gene one enzyme" is modified to "one gene one polypeptide" because the majority of proteins are composed of multiple polypeptides.
polypeptides - The Dude That is Friends with THE DUDE
A gene codes for one type of polypeptide (protein).
Think they do consist
A protein is a polypeptide.